Casing for vapor-burning lamps.



No. 667,226. Patented Feb. 5, 190i.

A. Knsou.

CASING FOB VAPOR BURNING LAMPS.

(Applicatioxi filed Nov. 21, 1899.) {No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY RMTM map; J fif r L I ATTORNEY.

ma uonms PETERS co. PAoToumo" wnsmuo'mu. 0 cv No. 667,226. Patented Feb.-5,- I90l.

A; KITSON. CASING FOR VAPOR BURNING LAMPS.

(Application filed Nov. 27, 189B.)

2 Sheetr-Sheat 2.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY TN: nonm's pawns co. PNOYD-Lln'll, WASHINGTON n. c.-,

NlTE TATES ATENT Fries.

ARTHUR KITSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KITSON HYDROOARBON HEATING AND INOANDESOENT LIGHTING COM-- PANY, OF SAME PLACE AND CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA.

CASING FOR VAPOR-BURNING LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 667,226, dated February 5, 1901. Application filed November 2'7, 1899- Serial No. 738,319- (No model.)

To all whom it may n outdoors, I also find it desirable to employ 50 Be it known that I, ARTHUR KITSON, a suba special form of draft-inducer located in the ject of the Queen of Great Britain, and a resiupper part of the chimney, which shall predent of Philadelphia, (Germantown,) county vent such back drafts being created by side of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have currents.

invented certain new and useful Improve- The preferred form of apparatus embody- 55 ments in Casings for Vapor-Burning Lamps, ing the above points of improvement is illusof which the following is a specification. trated in the accompanying two sheets of My invention relates to vapor-burning drawings, in which lamps in general, and more specifically con- Figure 1 is a vertical section of what is sists of an improved form of casing for lamps known as a cluster-lamp embodying myin- 6o burning the vapor of hydrocarbon of their vention. Fig. 2 is a detailed plan view of own generation. the draft-inducer. Fig. 3 is a side elevation The object of the improvements hereinafand partial'section showing a slight modifiter to be described is to render the action of cation whereby the number of parts is rethe lamp less liable to interruption by such duced. 65 accidents as the cracking of the glass globe Throughout the drawings like referencethrough heat or the blowing out of the lamp figures refer to like parts. by strong currents of air. The lamp-casing is composed of the cen- In my Patent No. 632,492, granted Septral cylindrical chimney l, the light-reflector tember 5, 1899, I have shown and described and heat-deflector 2, and the hemispherical 70 a form of lamp having a practically air-tight glass globe 3, supported below the same. The casing outside of the air-inlet through the upper portion of the chimney l is formed of mixing-tube and the outlet at the top of the perforated metal or wire-gauze, and above chimney. The lamp described in such patthe same is the heat and smoke shield 6, supent has the advantages of operation therein ported from the vertical central suspension- 75 specified; but I find that in certain cases, esrod 18. pecially where the hemispherical glass globe The vaporizing-tube 5 extends across the surrounding the burners is made small, so as lower part of the chimney over the burner or to bring its walls close to the burners, the burners 4 4.

heat generated sometimes is sufficient to TheBunsen burner and connections7 serve 80 crack the globe, and thus interfere with the to preheat the vapor-tube when the lamp is perfect operation of the lamp. To obviate to be started into operation. this difficulty I have invented the special The mixing-tube 8 has the muffler 9 over form of lamp-casing hereinafter described, its mouth, into which mixing-tube the jet of in which a series of air-inlets are circumfervapor is discharged through the opening 10 85 entially disposed about the inclosing lampin the vaporizing-tube. The lever ll,carrycasing, so as to permit an additional quantity ing the needle-point 12, serves to clean said of cold air to enter the casing near the cirdischarge-opening when the lever is pulled 4o cumference of the glass globe and pass down down by the chain 14E against the resistance along the walls of the same, thereby protectof the spring 13. 9o ing them from the excessive heat of the A series of air-openings 15 are disposed cirburner. It is necessary, however, in such cumferentially about the casing and prefercase to prevent the incoming cold air from ably in the lower part of the chimney, as

impinging on the vaporizing-tube, which shown. An annular shield 16 is located withmust be kept hot, and as these air-openings in the casing opposite these inlets and pref- 5 increase the possibility of back drafts down erably extends from the chimney above the the chimney which might be produced by air-inlets inwardly and downwardly in front strong currents of air when the lamp is hung of the air-inlets and then flares outwardly, as

shown, so as to discharge the downward current of cold air toward the walls of the globe 3. A telescoping cylinder 17 is guided in said annular shield 16 and can be raised and lowered by means of the cross-piece 24:, which is coiled about the suspension-rod l8 and supported by the crank-shaft 19. A heat shield or saddle 20 may be supported over the vaporizing-tube.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3 the telescoping cylinder 17 itself serves also as the shield for keeping the incoming currents of cold air from the vaporizing-tube and dis charging them downwardly into the globe, the upper portion of the said cylinder 17 being flared outwardly, as shown at 23, to fit the interior of the chimney 1.

The draft-inducer 21 consists of a piece of metal in the shape of a hell or approximately in the shape of the frustum of a cone. It is supported from the central suspension-rod by the wings or arms 22 and is so located that its lower edge is just below the lower line of perforations 1 in the upper part of the chimney 1. Preferably the diameter of the lowest part of the draft-inducer is slightly less than the internal diameter of the portion of the chimney 1 opposite thereto.

The mode of operation of my invention is as follows: When the lamp is in operation,

there is of course a strong upward draft through the chimney 1. This draws in cold air through the air-openings 15, and as the upward movement of such air is prevented by reason of the fact that the shield 16 extends out to the chimney-Walls at its upper end the cold air is drawn downward to fill the partial vacuum produced in the globe 3 and is discharged in a circular film against the walls of said globe by the outwardly-expanded lower lip of the shield 16. This cold air passes down along the walls of the globe in the direction shown by the arrows and then up past the burners through the chimney. It is thus .heated before it strikes the main portion of the vaporizing-tube 5. The small portion of said vaporizing-tube between the walls of the chimney and the annular shield is not sufficient in extent to be seriously affected by any cold air which strikes it, and, moreover, a body of heated air accumulates in the upper portion of the space between the chimney and the shield above the air-openings 15, which keeps even this small portion of the vaporizing-tube immersed in a bath of warm air.

. The telescoping cylinder 17 can be raised and lowered in the manner and for the purposes described in the pending application of Wirt S. Quigley, Serial No. 730,434, filed September 14, 1899, its lower position being shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3, and the shield 16 also serves as a guide for said telescoping cylinder. In the modification shown in Fig. 3 this telescoping cylinder serves also as the annular shield, its upper part being expanded,

as shown at 23, and thus a cheaper form of lamp is produced.

The increasing of the number of air-inlets to the lower part of the lamp-casing, as above described, of course renders it easier to force acurren of air down the chimney in the shape of aback draft. hen the lamp is hung outdoors, high winds sweeping across the upper and open part of the chimney tend to produce such back drafts and interfere with the operation of the lamp. Accordingly where the air-inlets are used it is desirable to employ the cone-shaped draft-inducer 21, which has its lower portion just below the openings in the upper part of the chimney. Any side drafts will then strike the inclined sides of this draft-inducer and be led up over the top of it instead of being turned down the chimney. The current blowing across the upper end of the draft-inducer will also tend to produce an upward draft through it, and thus assist instead of counteracting the normal draft of the lamp. 7

The advantages of the invention are, as before stated, in the prevention of the glass globe 3 from being cracked and broken by the heat and in the prevention of back drafts, such as might otherwise occur where these additional inlets are employed.

It is evident, of course, that various changes could be made in the details of construction illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. The air-inlet might be of different shape and might be otherwise located, so long as they are disposed circumferentially around the casing. The annular shield might be varied in form, and the same is true of the draft-inducer 2l, so long as they are made in proper shape to possess the functions above described.

Having therefore described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a vapor-burning lamp the combination of the supporting-frame and chimney, the glass globe supported beneath, together forming an inclosing casing for the lamp, said casing being provided with a series of air-inlet openings, the buruer in said globe, the vaporizing-tube extending across the chimney over the burner, and the annular shield located within the chimney, extending inwardly therefrom and downwardlyin front of the airopenings and below the vaporizing-tube, together with means for raising and lowering said annular shield in said chimney.

2. The combination in a vapor burning lamp of the lamp-casing provided with airinlets disposed circumferentially about the same, and an annular shield movable within the casing and extending downwardly in front of the air-inlets and outwardly below the level of said air-inlets.

3: In combination with Vapor-burning apparatus of the lamp-casing, comprising a central cylindrical chimney, the upper portion of which is perforated, a heat-shield above the chimney, a drop-cylinder movable up and down within the chimney, a truncated cone forming substantially a continuation of the drop-cylinder but separated therefrom to provide an annular outlet between the same for the escape of gases.

4. The combination with vapor -burning apparatus, of the lamp-casing, comprising a central cylindrical chimney the upper portion of which is perforated, a heat-shield above said chimney, and the draft-inducer, con-' ing of a hollow truncated cone of metal suspended in the chimney, its base providing an annular outlet which is slightly below the bottom line of perforations in the said upper portion of the chimney, together with a glass globe supported below the chimney, the burner in said globe and the vaporizing-tube extending across the chimney over the burner.

6. The combination with vapor burning apparatus of the lamp-casing, comprising a central cylindrical chimney, the upper portion of which is perforated for a considerable portion of its length, a heat-shield mounted on the upper end of the chimney, and the hollow truncated cone of metal suspended in the chimney with its lower end below the lower line of perforations and its upper end below the uppermost line of perforations.

Signed by me at New York, N. Y., this 23d day of November, 1899.

ARTHUR KITSON. Witnesses:

W. H. PUMPHREY, THOMAS TITUS SMITH. 

